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Gilbert Livingston Wilson (1869 – 1930) was an ethnographer and a Presbyterian minister. He and his brother recorded the lives of three Hidatsa family members; Buffalo Bird Woman, her brother Henry Wolf Chief, and her son Edward Goodbird. Wlison’s extensive and detailed writings remain an important source of information for historians and anthropologists, as well as the Hidatsa people.〔Woolworth 1987〕 ==Life and work== Gilbert Wilson was born in Springfield, Ohio, in 1869. He earned a bachelor's degree from Princeton Theological Seminary in 1899 after graduating from Wittenberg College, and was ordained a Presbyterian minister in Moorhead, Minnesota. He then returned to Wittenberg and earned a master's degree. In 1902, he became a pastor in Mandan, North Dakota. Wilson was excited to live near Native Americans, as he enjoyed studying Indian life and folklore, and aspired to write sympathetic children’s books which accurately depicted Indian life and customs.〔 Wilson married Ada Myers of Springfield in 1909 and had one child, who died suddenly in early adulthood. Later in life, Wilson was both a pastor in Stillwater, Minnesota, as well as a professor of anthropology at Macalester College in Saint Paul, where he also served as pastor.〔 Wilson’s career as an ethnographer began when he visited the Sioux at Standing Rock Reservation in 1905. Two books came out of this early work; The ''Iktomi Myth'' (1906) and ''Indian Hero Tales'' (1907). The next year, Gilbert and his brother Frederick would visit the elderly Hidatsa woman, Buffalo Bird Woman, at Fort Berthold Indian Reservation in North Dakota. This began in earnest Wilson’s careful documentation of Hidatsa life. In following years, he would include other family members of Buffalo Bird Woman in his scholarship, most prominently her brother Henry Wolf Chief and her son Edward Goodbird. Wilson was also adopted into the Prairie Chicken Clan as a son to Buffalo Bird Woman and a brother to Edward in 1909.〔Schneider 1985; Woolworth 1987〕 Among the many published works (some posthumously) that came out of this relationship, were the ethnographic works ''Agriculture of the Hidatsa: An Indian Interpretation'' (1917), ''The Horse and Dog in Hidatsa Culture'' (1924), ''Hidatsa Eagle Trapping'' (1929), ''The Hidatsa Earthlodge'' (1934) and the children’s books ''Myths of the Red Children'' (1907) and ''Indian Hero Tales'' (1916). He also published Buffalo-Bird-Woman’s and Goodbird’s autobiography in ''Waheene: an Indian Girl’s Story, Told by Herself''〔Maxidiwiac 1921〕 and ''Goodbird, the Indian''.〔Goodbird 1914〕 Early in Wilson’s work at Fort Berthold, he generated great controversy when he bought the Waterbuster clan medicine bundle from Wolf Chief, who converted to Christianity and was wary of shouldering the responsibility of bundle ownership.〔Gilman & Schneider Ed. 1987〕 Wilson then sold the bundle to a wealthy New York collector, which angered many Hidatsa, especially those from the Waterbuster clan, as well as the curator of the State Historical Society of North Dakota who tried to bar Wilson from the reservation. However, Wilson’s adopted family supported him and allowed him to continue his research,〔Gilman & Schneider Ed. 1987; Schneider 1985; Woolworth 1987〕 As a student of Alfred Jenks, Wilson became a doctoral candidate in anthropology at the University of Minnesota in 1910. He received his degree in 1916 with his dissertation, ''Agriculture of the Hidatsa: An Indian Interpretation'',〔Wilson 1917〕 This work is a classic of northern Plains ethnography, and is still used by scholars today to gain insights into traditional Hidatsa farming practices. Wilson died on June 8, 1930, and his wife donated his works to the Minnesota Historical Society. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Gilbert Livingston Wilson」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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